Durkheim and his contribution to modern Sociology

Emile Durkheim (1858-1917)

In the nineteenth century, as an attempt to understand the massive mixer and economic changes that had been weeping across Western Europe in the seventeenth, eighteen, and nineteenth centuries, sociology was developed as an autonomous subject, separate from school of thought and economics. With theories, sociology continues pro gear uply influence the way to explain why cordial phenomena have the characteristics they have, provides ideas for an analysis of complex social processes and aids in the construction of models of how social structures and social dusts operate. According to Professor Percy Cohen Durkheim was connected to these aims and along with Comte, Marx, and Weber is considered as the founding father of sociology. With his ideas of example force and social facts, Durkheims work is an important antidote to close to of evolutionary theorist such as Spencer as surface as had a certain influence on developing of Structural-functionalism by Parsons.

Human nature is driven by egoism, such as desire, passion, greed, selfishness, which is harmful to championself and to the order. Durkheim said that unsaturated desire can neer be fulfilled; therefore, a strong moral system is needed to suppress and control egoism and to provide guideline for their behavior. When such a system was achieved, people can stretch forth together, and society acts as a moral entity or a moral force that constrains individuals.



He also believed that morality was the one supplied not by God or the supernature but society itself, and called this morality collective conscience or what so-called culture, norms, values. These ar the source of social solidarity, and lead to the balance, equilibrium, consensus in society. In his known work, the Elementary Form of Religious Life, he used the spiritual beliefs and practices of the aboriginal peoples of Australia to illustrate the influence of moral force with the belief...

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