Chapter 8
Navigating Masculinities Across the Cultural Ditch: Tales from M?ori Men in Australia
Richard Pringle & Paul Whitinui
Introduction
Contemporary Australia is multiethnic yet the lucky res publica has not always induced good luck for its indigenous population or non- vacuous settlers. More bluntly, Australias history of look sharp relations can be regarded as shameful (MacLeod 2006). Colin Tatz (1999) reported, in relation to the United Nations definition of genocide, that policies take by both state and federal governments up until the seventies constituted genocide against the Aboriginals. Australias official immigration insurance prior to 1947 also aimed to keep its population white (MacLeod 2006) and, to a greater extent recently, the so-c every(prenominal)ed race-riots staged on the beaches of Sydney revealed an on-going underbelly of racial emphasis and violence. Despite this racist legacy, M?ori, the indigenous people of Aotearoa/ brand-new Zealand, have long travelled to and settled in Australia.
pack Belich (1996) reported that in the decades following British colonisation of Australia that by chance 1000 M?ori visited Australia for trading, learning skills and gaining knowledge.
M?ori presence in Australia was, accordingly, well established by 1840: all of the Sydney harbourmasters clustering were M?ori as were one-third of the sailors in the Hobart regatta of 1838 (Belich, 1996). Yet the absolute majority of M?ori, at this stage, returned to live in Aotearoa/New Zealand. In forthcoming years, M?ori, as citizens of Aotearoa/New Zealand, became exempt from the white Australia policy and a small number of M?ori migrated in the first half of the twentieth century. From the late 1960s M?ori migration to Australia began to increase dramatically: demographic surveys suggest that the proportion of all M?ori living in Australia surged from 1:50 in 1966, to 1:16 in 1986, to 1:6 or 1:7 in 2007 (Hamer 2007, p. xii).
M?ori, as too soon explorers and settlers of the Pacific, have a...If you want to get a full essay, disposition it on our website: Orderessay
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